What type of assessment can be used to measure student understanding effectively?

Formative assessments are designed to evaluate student learning and understanding throughout the instructional process rather than at its conclusion. These assessments are typically low-stakes opportunities that provide immediate feedback to both instructors and students, allowing for adjustments to teaching and learning strategies as needed.

The primary purpose of formative assessments is to identify areas where students might struggle and to reinforce learning through targeted support. Techniques may include quizzes, discussions, observations, and interactive activities, all aimed at gauging comprehension in real-time. By focusing on ongoing progress, formative assessments help in enhancing student engagement and promoting a deeper understanding of the subject matter.

In contrast, other types of assessments like open-book tests, standardized tests, and self-assessment surveys have different focuses and limitations. Open-book tests may not effectively measure comprehension as they allow students to refer to their materials. Standardized tests typically assess knowledge against a criterion, which may not reflect individual learning needs or classroom dynamics. Self-assessment surveys can provide insight into student perceptions of their learning but may not yield objective evidence of understanding. Therefore, formative assessments are particularly effective for measuring student understanding in a way that informs teaching practices and supports learner development.