Which of the following does not typically belong in a training program’s operational budget?

In a training program's operational budget, each item carries a different level of relevance in supporting the core functions of the program. Staff refreshments generally do not belong in this budget as they are considered non-essential expenses. Operational budgets are typically focused on necessary expenditures that directly enhance the training experience, improve safety, or ensure that the program runs smoothly.

New technology purchases, instructor salaries, and emergency equipment maintenance are crucial elements of a training program. New technology purchases ensure that the training is up-to-date and effective, while instructor salaries are essential for attracting qualified personnel necessary for delivering the training. Emergency equipment maintenance is critical as it directly impacts safety and operational capability within the training context. In contrast, staff refreshments do not have a significant impact on the educational outcomes or operational effectiveness of the program and thus are less justifiable as budget items.