Which step of the four-step method of instruction focuses on preparing students to learn?

The step that focuses on preparing students to learn is known as preparation. This phase is crucial as it sets the stage for effective learning by engaging students and motivating them to be receptive to the material that will follow. During the preparation step, instructors establish clear objectives, introduce the topic, and create an environment conducive to learning.

It involves assessing students' prior knowledge, addressing any misconceptions, and outlining what they will be learning. By making connections to previous experiences or knowledge, this step helps students understand the relevance of the new information and primes them for the content that will be delivered in the subsequent presentation phase. This foundational work is essential in ensuring that students are mentally and emotionally ready to engage with the material.

In contrast, the other steps serve different purposes; presentation involves the actual delivery of the instructional content, application allows students to practice and apply what they learned, and evaluation focuses on assessing students' understanding and performance. Each of these steps builds on the preparation but does not specifically address the essential groundwork necessary for fostering a learning environment.